x2 on everything Iowegian said.
The ECM tests the SAIP system when the engine is warmed up and at idle. For me, at a stop sign a mile from home. It just runs the SAIP pump (blower) and opens the valve for a few seconds, then expects to see the O^2 sensor reading spike up from the fresh air. If that doesn't happen, it sets the P0411 code. It's a pretty thorough test.
A very common issue is the SAIP relay, which is in the ECM box, labeled 373. The relay is undersized--mine lasted about 10 years (I owned my Fresco Green 1.8T from new). A failed 373 relay will prevent the SAIP from running (or sometimes cause it to keep running) which will, of course, set the code.
The N112 valve is simply a small solenoid valve that switches engine vacuum to open the Combi valve (sometimes mistakenly called an EGR valve). The N112 valve is probably the least likely thing in the system to fail.
The vacuum hoses are another problem spot. I did a "replace vacuum hoses" writeup some years ago; it's in the knowledge base. The photo below is from that writeup.