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Many things.

If this is the Monsoon system, if the tweeters on the left still work, then the head unit (radio), and the wiring from HU to amplifier are OK. That leaves:
-amplifier (not common)
-wiring (happens; typical break point is in the flexible section from door to hinge post)
-speakers (most likely, due to age.)
 

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If they are original I would 2nd the speakers went out. The paper tears and the voice coil wires separate internally. Happened to mine. Sealing the paper tear worked with a hot glue gun but when the coil wires broke there was no way of fixing them without tearing the cones out. Not worth the money. Not worth buying used ones as they will most likely fail the same way.

If you have to replace them you can gut the old speakers from the mounts and install the replacements in the mounting bracket. (That is what I did) Or you will need to buy the correct spacers as most any speaker will be too deep and the windows will not go all the way down.
 

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2001 Passat wagon; 2016 Golf Sportwagen
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Many things.

If this is the Monsoon system, if the tweeters on the left still work, then the head unit (radio), and the wiring from HU to amplifier are OK. That leaves:
-amplifier (not common)
-wiring (happens; typical break point is in the flexible section from door to hinge post)
-speakers (most likely, due to age.)
I concur that it is probably the wiring or speaker voice coils. If you can find and disconnect a convenient test point, it is pretty easy to check continuity with an ohm meter. The impedance (a.c.) across the voice coil should be about 4 ohms, which means the resistance (d.c.) that your ohm meter reads should be slightly lower. Don't worry about the precise reading -- it is either going to be a few ohms (good) or something like 100K or even "infinity," meaning open (bad).
 

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Meant to post this earlier:
Assuming that the speakers are dead (which they probably are), an Alpine SPS-610C is the closest thing to a drop-in replacement as you're going to get.
You'll need the adapters that Scosche makes for the bass speakers (speakers will NOT fit without them), and a little modification is needed:
- remove low-pass filters from bass speakers
- throw high-pass filters for tweeters in the garbage
- disassemble tweeters from their mounts, and glue into original mounts. Minor grinding of the factory mount is necessary, and urethane (windshield glue) works best to install the new speakers.

For $130/pair, it's money well spent.

Go hit Crutchfield, plug in your car, and find the speakers. They'll throw in the extras, no extra $$.
 

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sorry to bring back an old thread, but was wondering if the Alpine SPS-610C's are still the best/easiest fit. I have a Monsoon (amp in the back). Would these still work? cuppie, are you saying to remove the low pass filters from the new speakers and throw away the new speakers' high pass filters?
 

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Yep - that's exactly what I'm saying. They aren't needed here, as the amp itself contains the crossovers.

Alternately, you could hunt down (read: classifieds, eBay) used original speakers. But, I shouldn't need to tell you how much of a crapshoot 15+-year-old speakers are.....

I'd still recommend the Alpine component set that I used. It did make a considerable difference in sound quality in my car.
 
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